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时尚英语-美式生活-第12部分

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 时尚英语 》》 英语点滴 》》 正文







Health & Fitness 美国人的健康与健美感
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 |  | 6月8日

  Picture this: Two very fat men enter an ice cream shop。 They sit down and order two giant sundaes。 After enjoying their rich desserts; they go to a health club and have a good workout。 They're trying to work off all those calories they ate。 Who would be so silly? Some Americans would。 When it es to health and fitness; Americans have mixed emotions。 On the one hand; they are concerned about their health。 On the other; they have some very unhealthy habits。 

  想象一下这个景象:两个大胖子进入一家冰淇淋店,他们坐下来点了两客大圣代。吃完高热量的甜点后,再去一家健身俱乐部好好地运动一番,想把吃进去的热量消耗掉。谁会这幺傻呢?有些美国人就是这幺傻。谈到健康与健美,美国人有矛盾的情结,他们一方面关心自己的健康,另一方面又有一些很不健康的习惯。 


  Americans know the benefits of having a healthy diet。 In school; children learn to eat a variety of healthy foods。 People grow up aware of the value of counting calories。 They hear about the health dangers of chemicals added to packaged food。 They realize they shouldn't eat too many sweets or fats。 Many American consumers read labels carefully for nutrition information。 That way they can pare products and eat the best foods。 

  美国人知道健康饮食的好处。孩子们在学校里学着吃各种健康食物。人们从小到大也非常注意计算食物的热量。他们听说了现成食品中所添加的化学物质会损害健康;也了解不该吃太多的甜食或富含油脂的食物。很多美国消费者仔细地研读卷标上的营养成份,以便能够比较产品而吃到最好的食物。 


  Keeping fit……or maybe getting in shape……is often high on the list of New Year's resolutions for Americans。 In the past two decades; fitness has bee a fad。 Many Americans have joined health clubs to work out with professional equipment。 Sports stores sell athletic shoes and clothing for every possible exercise situation。 People can even buy weights and equipment and set up their own exercise center at home! 

  保持健美——或者保持匀称的身材——通常是美国人新年新计划中高居前面的一项。过去20年来,健美已蔚为风尚。很多美国人加入健身俱乐部,使用专业的设备做运动。运动商品店里售有各种运动项目所需的运动鞋和服装。人们甚至买哑铃和训练的设备,在家里设置专属的运动中心! 


  Statistics give health experts good reason to be disappointed。 Americans exercise less than they used to。 The number of people taking part in fitness activities dropped from 41。7 million in 1991 to only 32 million in 1993。 Among high school students; only 37 percent exercise three times per week。 However; 70 percent of teenagers watch at least an hour of TV every day; and 38 percent watch over three hours。 As a result; the average American gained eight pounds during the 1980's。 At least one…third of Americans weigh 20 percent more than their ideal weight。 

  统计资料令健康专家们感到失望,美国人已不再像从前那么常运动了。参与健身活动的人数,从一九九一年的4,170万人到一九九三年已降为3,200万人;在高中生当中,只有37%的学生一星期运动三次,然而,却有70%的青少年每天至少看一个小时的电视,有38%则看超过三个小时。结果在1980年代,美国人的平均体重增加了八磅,至少有三分之一的美国人比理想体重超重20%。 


  Still; by many standards; Americans enjoy good health。 Medical care in the United States; while expensive; is among the best in the world。 The U。S。 Government requires strict food inspections to ensure that food is of the highest quality。 Food producers must label products accurately。 Many resources; such as magazines; TV programs and even the Inter; allow people to find out how to improve their health。 Americans know how to make themselves more healthy。 They just need to do it。 

  不过从很多的标准来看,美国人仍然拥有健康。美国的医疗照顾虽然昂贵,但却是全世界最好的。美国政府要求严格的食品检验,以确保最佳的食物品质。食品制造者必须在产品上贴上精确的卷标。很多信息来源如杂志、电视节目、甚至网际网络都提供人们增进健康的方法。美国人知道如何让自己更健康,然而他们只需要实际行动。 
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相关链接
? Spotlight on Munich 聚焦慕尼黑(图) 
? 英国人的两种不同的休闲方式(图) 
? British Pub…goer's Manner 英国酒客的举止(图) 
? British Pub Etiquette 英国酒吧的礼仪(图) 
? British Pub Culture 英国的酒吧文化(图) 
? Spotlight on Copenhagen 哥本哈根特写(图) 
? 教堂与广场(图) 
? 剧院与音乐(图) 
? 世界各地婚俗(三)(图) 
? 美味的馅饼和细面条(图) 
? 意大利:美丽神奇之国(图) 
? 神秘的威尼斯(图) 

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 时尚英语 》》 英语点滴 》》 正文







Informal Language 美语中的非正式用语
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 |  | 7月26日

Ever go jogging in a business suit? What about going to a job interview in pajamas? Dressing appropriately is a lot like using a foreign language in the right way。 It all depends on the situation。 People in America use formal English for making speeches and writing business letters。 But they prefer informal language when they talk to friends。 Americans are fairly laid…back; both in styles of dress and in language。 So to understand their culture; it pays to know something about informal language…in other words; English in blue jeans and a T…shirt。 

你曾经穿著办公的西装慢跑吗?或者穿著睡衣去应征工作?得体的穿著很像正确地使用外国语言,都得视情境而变化。美国人使用正式的英文作演说和写商务信件;但是当他们和朋友谈话的时候,则较喜欢使用非正式的语言。美国人不论是在穿著的风格或是语言上,都是非常轻松自在的。所以要了解他们的文化,就得认识他们的非正式用语,换句话说,就像穿著牛仔裤和T恤的英文。 


English; like every language; is always changing。 New slang terms are created all the time。 Often they're here today; gone tomorrow。 For instance; if you wanted to call something exciting in the 1960s; you would say it was groovy or far out。 Today you might describe it as cool or even bad。 Each sub…group of American society…from teenagers to soldiers to thieves to ethnic groups…has its own slang。 People who aren't a part of the 〃in…group〃 can't understand the meaning; even though the words are 〃English。〃 So it's not easy for outsiders to use slang correctly。 

英语就像每一种语言一样是一直在变。新的俚语不断地出现,常常今天还在使用的,明天就被淘汰了。例如,在一九六O年代你若要形容一件很兴奋的事,你会说很「groovy」美好的,或是「far out」走在时代尖端的。而今天会形容为「cool」很酷,甚至「bad」好菜喔。从青少年、军人、小偷、到少数民族,美国社会中每一种附属团体都有自己的俚语。即使它们确实是英语,但是不属于那个团体的人就不会明白它的意思。因此局外人要正确地使用俚语实在不容易。 


Like many languages; American English has numerous idioms that paint word pictures。 These colorful expressions e from everyday life and add spice to language。 When Americans want to make a good first impression on someone; they try to put their best foot forward。 That way; they won't get off on the wrong foot in their relationship。 Learning about idioms in a language and culture can be difficult; but don't get cold feet。 Just be careful when using these expressions。 Otherwise; you might put your foot in your mouth。 

就像许多的语言一样,美语中也有许多的成语,刻画出文字的图像。这些多样化的表达方式来自于每天的生活,并为语言增添了许多风味。当美国人想要给某人良好的第一印象时,他们会先「伸出最好的那一只脚」(表现较好的一面);如此,在他们的关系上就不会「下错脚」(搞砸)了。学习一个语言和文化中的成语可能相当困难,但是也不要「让脚发寒了」(恐惧、受挫),只要在用的时候小心一点就是了。否则你可能会「把脚放进嘴巴里去了」(说错话)。 


Americans enjoy making things easy on themselves。 Even their pronunciation is relaxed。 Sounds or syllables that are not stressed are shortened or bined with other sounds。 As a result; 〃What do you want to do?〃 bees 〃Whaddaya wanna do?〃 And 〃I don't know〃 sounds like 〃I dunno。〃 See if you can understand the following conversation: 

Gene: Jeet yet? 
Tim: No; ju? 
Gene: Skoeet! 

Now let's translate it into regular English: 
Gene: Did you eat yet? 
Tim: No; did you? 
Gene: Let's go eat! 

School teachers probably cringe at this kind of pronunciation。 But the fact is; that's how Americans often talk in real…life situations。 

美国人喜欢把事物简化,甚至连他们的发音也很轻松自在,不是重音的发音或是音节,通常会被缩短或是和其它的音相连。因此,「What do you want to do?」就变成了「Whaddaya wanna do?」而「I don't know。」听起来像「I dunno。」看看你能不能听懂以下的对话: 

吉妮: Jeet yet? 
提姆: No; ju? 
吉妮: Skoeet! 

现在,我们来把它翻译成一般的英文: 
吉妮: Did you eat yet? (你吃过了没?) 
提姆: No; did you? (还没有,你呢?) 
吉妮: Let's go eat! (一块儿去吃吧!) 

学校的老师们对这样的发音恐怕是不敢恭维。不过事实上,通常美国人在实际的生活中都是这么说话的。 


There's one type of informal language that you should avoid using; however。 Swearwords offend many people in America。 Sometimes people say 〃four…letter words〃 to express anger or pain。 Many of these 〃curse words〃 are terms from the Bible that people have misused。 For example; to damn means to punish forever in Hell; so 〃damn〃 and 〃hell〃 are strong curses。 Using the names of God or Jesus without respect can also bother people。 And one more thing: stay away from 〃dirty words〃…vulgar descriptions of sex or the human body。 True; some people talk like this; but such 〃gutter language〃 should stay in the gutter。 

然而有一种非正式的语言是你应当避免使用的。在美国咒诅骂人的话是会得罪人的。有时候人们会说「四字经」来表达愤怒和痛楚。很多这类咒诅的字眼是取自圣经,但是被人误用的。例如,「Damn」该死!指的是诅咒人在地狱里受永远的刑罚,所以「Damn」和「Hell」都是很强烈的诅咒。而毫不尊重地妄用上帝或耶稣的名字也会使人很不舒服。还有一件事:绝对不要讲「脏话」……对性或是人体低俗的描述。没错,确实有人是那么说话的,不过这种属于阴沟的「脏话」就让它归于阴沟吧。 


Americans enjoy being informal。 They like making themselves fortable; whether it's wearing blue jeans and a T…shirt or using informal language。 So if you want to speak real American…style English; just go casual…especially if your English teacher isn't looking。 

美国人非常喜爱非正式、轻松的感觉。不论是藉由穿牛仔裤、T恤还是
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