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草原帝国-第92部分
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El[人]名,颉利,见Hie…li
Elbek[人]额勒伯克,503
Elephant,use in battle[专]战象,290,308,339,340,445,447,451,572注
Eleuthes[族]厄鲁特部,521
Elias; Ney[人]埃尼亚斯,423,497,500
Elizavetovskaya[地]伊里扎威托夫斯卡亚,13,15,16
Eljigidai[人]野里知吉带,271,274
Eljigidai[人]燕只吉带,341,348,349…350,586注
Ellac[人]埃拉卡,78
Elqutur[人]燕儿火脱,582注
Eltabir (as title)[专]颉利发,565注
Elterish[人]颉跌利施(骨咄禄),见Qutlugh
Elya[人]也里牙,304
Emba[地]恩巴河,148,181,394,521
Emnedzar[人]恩勒德扎尔,78
Engels[地]恩格尔斯(波克罗夫斯克),见Pokrovsk
Enos[地]埃诺斯,184
Ephesus[地]以弗所,452
Ephtha (Ye…ta)[族]莚哒,67
Ephthalites (Hayathelites; Ye…tai; White Huns; Huna)[族]莚哒人(白匈奴人,厌带夷栗陀),65,67…72,80,82,172,173,193,217,417;参见Avars “Equius;”277
Eran[地]伊兰,71
Erbil[地]埃尔比勒,见Arbela
Ercis (Arjish)[地]阿尔吉斯,262
Erdeni[人]额尔德尼,见Irdana
Erdeni Dzu[地]额尔德尼昭寺庙,528
Eregli[地]埃雷利(参看赫拉克利庞蒂亚),见Heraclea Pontica
Erginul; Ergiuul[地]凉州(马可记法),见Liangchow
Eric (of Friuli)[人](弗留利大公)伊里克,175
Erinchin[人]额璘臣济农,517
Erkegüd[族]额尔克固特部,630注
Erke…khongor[人]额哲洪果尔,517
Erkene…qun[地]额儿古涅昆,193
Erke…qara[人]额尔客合剌,204,206,581注
Erküt[专]也里可温(近代写法),见Erqüt
Ermak[人]叶尔马克,489,490
Ermanarich[人]亥耳曼纳奇,73
Ermenak[地]埃尔梅内克山区,385
Ernac[人]埃尔纳克,78
Erqüt (Erküt)[专]也里可温的近代形式,602注
Erzerum[地]额尔哲鲁木城,263,430,449,450
Erzincan[地]埃尔津詹,261,263,281,382,430,449,450,462
Esen (Esen…taiji; Ye…hsien Taichi)[人]额森台吉,也先台吉,491,492,506,507,508,520
Esen…buqa (Esen…bugha)[人]也先不花,315,338…339,340,386
Esen…buqa II (Esen…bugha)[人]也先不花二世,460…461,480,492…493
Esen Temür (Yesen Temür; Essan…temur)[人]也先帖木儿,308
Eskisehir[地]埃斯基谢希尔,385
Essantemur[人]也先帖木儿,见Esen Temür
Essekü[人]额色库,504
Esztergom[地]埃斯泰尔戈姆城堡,见Gran
Eternal Heaven[宗]长生天,腾格里,见Tangri
Etsin Gol[地]额济纳河,36,212
Etzina[地](马可记哈拉霍屯城)额济纳,见Karakhoto
Eukratides[人]幼克拉蒂斯,29
Euphrates[地]幼发拉底河,295,361,365,371,385,446
Euphrosyne[人]欧菲柔细纳,400
Eurasia; Sea of[地]欧亚海,xxi
Eutychios[人]攸提开俄斯,84
Fadl Allah Rashid ad…Din Tabib[人]拉施特(法德尔·阿拉赫·拉施特),见Rashid ad…Din
Fakhr ad…Din Kert[人]法黑剌丁,380,385…386
Fancheng[地]凡城,287
Fang Kuo…chen[人]方国珍,323,324
Faraj[人]法赖吉,447
Fars[地]法尔斯,151,158,169,260,261,353,354,359,366,382,390,426,431,433,456,457,459,461
Fatimids[朝]法提玛王朝,154
Fedor (of Ryazan)[人](里亚赞的)费多尔,616注
Fedulovo[地]费杜罗沃,16
Fei…yang…ku[人]费扬古,530
Fenek[地]费内克,176
Fengsiang[地]凤翔,257
Fengyang[地]凤阳(钟离)见Chungli
Fengyüanfu[地]奉元府(长安),见Changan
Feodosiya[地]喀发,见Caffa
Fergana (Ta…yüan)[地]费尔干纳(大宛),xxii,8,28,29,36,40,43,48,116,117,142,144,234,344,423,426,438,463,464,482,486,488,492,494,496,497,498,554注
Fettich; Nandor[人]弗蒂奇·南朵尔(著有《战国》)67,176,“Fighting States;”见“Warring States”
Finance[专]财政,见Crimea; Genoese and Veian bankers; Currency; Taxation
Finno…Ugrian Languages[文]芬兰…乌戈尔语,xxv
Finno…Ugrians[族]芬兰…乌戈尔种人,10…11,14,15,73,177,178
Firdausi[人]费尔多希,243
Five Hordes[族]五部落,56
Flor des estoires d'Orient[书]《海顿行纪》(参看海顿),见Hayton
Fokuru[地]富库鲁,8
Four Confederates[族]四同盟者,参看卫拉特,见Oirat
Four Garrisons[地]四镇(焉耆、喀什、于阗和库车),见Kara Shahr; Kashgar; Khotan; Kucha
“Four Tughri”[地]四塔沟里,551注,568注
Francesco da Podio[人]弗朗希斯科,319
Francis (of Alexandria)[人]弗朗希斯,342
Franks[族]法兰克人,56,60,62,173,174,175,178,359…360,364,371,449;参见Syria
Friuli[地]弗留利,174
Fu An (Chih Tao)[人]傅安(之道),353,459
Fu Chien[人]苻坚,59,300
Fuchow (Fugiu)[地]鄜州,232,287,305,308,311,518,603注
Fukien[地]福建,287,304,307,308,323,324,518
Fu…li(as title)[专]附离(称号),87
Fundukistan[地]法杜克斯坦,51
Funerary customs[专]葬礼,8,21,23,87,129,546注,591注
Fungchow[地]丰州,见Yülin
Fung Fung…shih[人]冯奉世,37
Fur trading[专]皮毛贸易,403
Fu…sho Sin[人]伏阇信,101
Fu…te[人]富德,542
Fu…ting[人]福定,603注
Gaikhatu[人]海合都,309,373,377,612注
Galatia[地]加拉底亚,157
Galdan[人]噶尔丹,525…531,540,541
Galdan Tsereng[人]葛尔丹策零,532,536…537,540,541
Galicia (Galich)[地]加利西亚(或加利奇),6,8,246,265,266,395
Galicia; Spanish[地](西班牙的)加利西亚,74
Galilee[地]加利利,364
Gandhara[地]犍陀罗,49,65,69,70,71
Gandharan art[文]犍陀罗艺术,48…49,64,70
Ganges[地]恒河,69,71,146,168,419
Ganja[地]刚加,151,263
Ganja…Karabakh[地]甘扎…卡拉巴克赫,5,545注
Gardizi[人]迦尔迪齐,177,185,549注
Garni[地]哈儿尼,见Karni
Gaul[地]高卢,63,74,76
Gaza[地]加沙,362,364
Gazaria[地]可萨尼亚,见Khazaria
Genoa[地]热那亚,374,375
Genoese:在希俄斯[族]热那亚人,452;在克里米亚,247,312,374,403…407,442,471;在特拉布松,374
George (1235…42)[人]阔儿吉思(乔治),见Korgüz
George (死于1298年)[人]阔里吉思,见Korgüz
George (son of 'Isa)[人]阔里吉思,304
Georgia (and Georgians)[地]格鲁吉亚,谷儿只,5,186,245,246,260,263,272,347,350,358,360,364,371,430,433,434,450
Georgios Tzoulos[人]乔治·佐勒斯,181
Gepidae[族]吉别达伊人,73,75,78,173
Ger (tents)[专]廓尔(帐篷),196
Gerard[人]格拉德,314
Geray[朝]格来王朝,见Girei
Gerbillon; Père[人]热比荣,631注
Geresandza (Geresandza Ochigin)[人]格森札斡惕赤斤,510,511
Germania[地]日耳曼尼亚,173,179
Germanic tribes[族]日耳曼部落,55,56,57,60,72…77,82,173,174,175;民族大迁徙,16,54
Gestes des Chiprois[专](提尔的)圣殿骑士,见Templar of Tyre
Getae[族]盖特人,548注
Ghajawan[地]加贾湾,484
Ghazan[人]合赞,309,373,376…383,396,613注
Ghazaniyeh[地]加赞尼耶,384
Ghaznavids;[朝]伽色尼王朝,xxvii; 143…147,149…150,159,167…168
Ghazni[地]加兹尼城,143,144,159,167…168,170,241,242,382,387,431
Ghiugiu[地]衢州,见Küchow
Ghiyath ad…Din (活跃于1174年)[人]吉雅斯·阿德丁,168
Ghiyath ad…Din (活跃于1224年)[人]嘉泰丁,260
Ghiyath ad…Din (活跃于1270年)[人]八剌,见Baraq
Ghiyath ad…Din Kert (活跃1307年)[人]嘉泰丁,386,387,389
Ghiyath ad…Din II Pir 'Ali[人]嘉泰丁二世皮儿·阿里,427
Ghor[地]古尔山区,167,168,352,382,427
Ghorids[朝]古尔王朝,167…168,236,339,352…353,574注
Ghurek (Ikhshedh Ghurek)[人]伊克谢德·胡拉克,116,117,118
Ghuta[地]姑塔,447
Ghuzz[族]古兹(参看乌古思),见Oghuz
Gilgit (Little Pulu)[族]吉尔吉特(小勃律),118,119
Gilotto[人]基罗托,342
Giorgi III Lasha[人]吉奥吉尔三世拉沙,245,260
Giorgi VI[人]乔治六世,434
Giovanni da Marignolli[人]约翰·马黎诺里,319,342,404
Giovanni da Montecorvino[人]约翰·孟德科维诺,302,313,314,317,318,319,605注
Girei (Geray)[朝]格来王朝,471,472,473,475,477
Girei; Hajji[人]哈吉·格来,见Hajji Girei
Girines[地]吉里勒斯,267
Gisolf; Buscarel de[人]布斯卡尔,见Buscarel de Gisolf
Gliadenovo[地]格里亚德罗夫,548注
Gobi Desert[地]戈壁滩,xxii,xxv,34,61,62,132,133,138,191,196,203,212,234,286,318,424,425,504,505,536;绿洲,参见Tarim
Godan[人]阔端,259,593注,595注
Godard; Madame[人]哥达德夫人,51
Goduk Ahmed…pasha[人]哥杜克阿赫麦德(帕夏),471
Goos; Benedict de[人]鄂本笃,见Benedict de Goes
Gokcha (Sevan),Lake[地]哥克察克湖(塞凡湖),348,430
Gold (people)[族]金人,515
Golden Horde (Altan…ordo; Altunordu)[朝]金帐,参看钦察汗国,395…407,419,420,436,440,441,452,469…471,479;参见Batu; Kipchak khanate
Gorgüz[人]阔里吉思,见Korgüz
Gorki[地]下诺夫哥罗德(高尔基),见Nizhni Novgorod
Gorodcheskaya[地]哥罗切斯卡亚,558注
Gorodets[地]戈罗杰茨,470
Goshi[人]完颜希尹,见Wan…yen Wu…shih
“Gothia”[地]哥特人之地,406
Goths[族]哥特人(吉别达伊人,东哥特人,西哥特人),16,56,73;参见Gepidae; Ostrogoths; Visigoths
Gran (Strigonium; Esztergom)[地]格兰城堡,267
Grand Canal[地]大运河,309,310
Great Armenia[地]大亚美尼亚,263,430,433
Great Bulgaria[朝]大保加利亚国,176
Great Horde (Ulu…jüz)[朝]大帐(参看吉尔吉斯…哈萨克人),480,488,499,526,532,625注,参见Kirghiz…Kazakhs
Great Moravia[朝]大摩尔维亚,175,178
Great Pulu[朝]大勃律,见Baitistan
Great Wall (of China)[地]长城,xxiv,20,26,34,61,80,85,227,324,507,514,540
Great Yüeh…chih (Ta Yüeh…chih)[族]大月氏,29
Greco…Buddhist art[文]希腊…佛教艺术,48…49,50,52,96,99;参见Gandharan art
Greco…Roman art[文]希腊…罗马艺术,16,18,39,48
Greco…Scythian art[文]希腊…斯基泰艺术,8,13,15,18
Gregory X; Pope[人](教皇)格列高利十世,307,308…309,370,371
Gregory (of Tours)[人](图尔的)格里戈利,174,575注
Grenard; Fernand[人]格纳德,190,194,223,245,482
Griaznov; M。 P。[人]格里亚兹诺夫(使团),18
Grillo; Antonio[人]安东尼奥·格利洛,404
Guichard (of Cremona)[人](克里莫纳的)吉查德,348
Guilds[专]商会,309…310
Guillaume da Prato[人]纪尧姆·波拉特,319
Guillaume de Hévésy[人]纪尧姆·赫威塞,见Hévésy; Guillaume de
Guillaume de Munte[人]纪尧姆·蒙特,451
Guinzai[地]杭州,见Hangchow
Guiwarguis; Mar[人]马·基瓦古斯,见Mar Guiwarguis
Gujarat[地]吉莱特,32,444,445
Gün Biliktü Mergen[人]衮必里克墨尔根,510,511
Gupta[朝]芨多王朝,69,70
Gurbesu[人]古儿别速,212,214
Gurgan[地]古尔甘,390,464
Gurganj[地]玉龙杰赤(乌尔根奇),见Urgench
Gurjara[族]瞿析罗人,72
Gur…khan (as title)[专]古儿罕,165,206,233
Gur…khan (person)[人]菊儿罕,192,199,206,578注
Gushi khan[人]顾实汗,523,524,526
Gushu(banner; administrative division)[专]旗,517,530
Guy (Guillaume)de Longjumeau[人]盖依,273,349
Güyük[人]贵由,217,264,265,267…273,329,347,348,349,350,352,581注,595注,596注
Gwalior[地]瓜廖尔,71,146
Haband[地]哈本德,608注
Hackin; J。[人]哈辛,41,50,51…52,96
Hadda[地]哈达,52,99
Hafiz (活跃于1329年)[人]哈菲兹,390
Haidarmirza[人]海达尔·米儿咱,穆罕默德·海达尔二世,见
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